Superheater.



J. E; BELL. SUPERHEATER. APPLICATION FILED Mn 29, 1905.

954,91 3. Patented Apr. 12, 1910.

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J. E. BELL. SUPERHBATER. APPLICATION FILED MAY 29, 1905.

Patented Apr. 12, 1910.

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ENVENTQR fl. "941 J. E. BELL. SUPERHEATBR. APPLICATION FILED MAY 29,1905.

Patented Apr. 12, 1910.

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WITNESSES J. E. BELL. SUPERHEATER. APPLICATION FILED MAY 29, 1905.

Patented Apr. 12; 1910.

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WITH ESSES LU 7W J. E. BELL. SUPERHEATEB.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 29, 1905.

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6 SHEETS- WITH ESSES J. E. BELL. SUPERHEATER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 29, 1905.

Patented Apr. 12, 1910.

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' being had to the accompanyin UNITED STAT ES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN E. BELL, OF BARBERTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE BABCOCK & WILCOXCOMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

SUPERHEATER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 12, 1910.

Application filed May 29, 1905. Serial No. 262,794.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

I Be it known that I, JOHN E. BELL, of Barberton, Summit county, Ohio,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Super-heaters, of whichthe following is a full,-clear, and exact description, referencedrawings, forming part of this speci cation, in which Figure l is asectional side elevation showingone form of superheater boilerconstructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a similar viewshowing another form of the invention; Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail viewshowing the upper drums and connections; Fig. 4 is an enlarged detailview of the superheater tube connection; Figs. 5 and 6 are detail viewsshowing'another form of plug for the superheater tube connection; Fig. 7is a longitudinal section of the upper superheater drum and connections;Fig. 8 is a partial side elevation of a modified form of connection forthe superheater compartments; Fig. 9 is a cross-section of the uppersuperheater drum on a larger scale; Fig. 10 is a cross-section of theupper superheater drum partition and valve; Flg. 11 is a cross-sectionof the valve; Figs. 12 and 13 are detail views of the turning means forthe valve; Fig. 14 is a partial longitudinal section of 'the lowersuperheater drum showing a preferred form of valve connection; Fig. 15is a sectional elevation of the lower valve on a larger scale; and Fig.16 is a cross-section of Fig. 15.

My'invention relates to the class of superheaters, and more especiallyto superheaters combined in the same structure with boilers; althoughcertain features of my invention may be used in other types ofsuperheaters.

The invention consists in certain features of construction in connectionwith drum and tube superheaters; and also in certain proportions of thesuperheating surface relative to the water-heating surface; ashereinafter more full described and claimed.

In the rawings, referring to the form of Figs. 1, 3, 4, 7, 9, 10, 11,12, 13, 14, 15 and 16, 2 and 3 represent the upper transverse steam andwaterdrums of a boiler of the general Stirling type, connected by banksof tubes 4 and 5 to a lower transverse mud drum 6. Between the banks oftubes 4 and 5 is the superheating surface consisting of tubes 7connecting an upper transverse steam drum 8 and a lower transverse steamdrum 9. I have shown the drum 8 as divided into three compartments bytransverse partitions 10, 10, with steam inlet tubes 11 and 12' leadingfrom the steam spaces of the drums 2 and 3 into one of the end chambers;I have shown the drum 9 as provided with a single central partition 13dividing it into two compartments of substantially equal length. Ipreferably arrange the tubes 7 in four groups with spaces between thegroups at the partition lines of the up or and lower superheater drums,and a so spaces between the tubes and the side-walls 14 of the setting,as shown in'Fig. 7. Extending through these five spaces between thesuperheater tubes I provide the water circulating tubes 15, which I haveshown as arranged in groups of two and connecting the water spaces ofthe drums 2 and 3. The drum 8 is preferably located slightly above thedrums 2 and 3, and above the tubes 15 I arrange supporting-bars 16 whichrestupon the transverse metal shapes or beams 17 between the side-walls.On the bars, 16 rest the cross-bars 18, which extend transversely of thesettin sideby-side. On-the bars 18 is packed as estos filling 19, whichsurrounds the superheater'tubes and closes off the chamber 20 from thegases. This chamber may be entered through the cross aperture closed byremovable blocks or tiles 21.

22 are inclined tiles connecting the front shapel7 with thecross-beams23, 24 being an asbestos filling over the tiles 22.

To rotec t the ends of the su erheater tubes fi'om the action of thesteam, preferably provide the two ends with lining ferrules or thimbles.In the form shown in Figs. 3 and 4, these thimbles 25 are driven intothe ends of the-tubes within the su erheater drum and are headed overat-t eir x and to protect the superheater tube connections thereinto, Ipreferably provide longitudinal metallic angles or brackets 28 which areconnected by curved bolts 28 and eX tend longitudinally of the drum.Between these holding angles is packed asbestos filling or refractorymaterial which covers the tube joints and protects them from thedirectaction of the heated gases. I have shown these gases as risingthrough the front bank over the top of the baffle 29, thence flowingdown through the superheater tubes in frontof the baflie 30 having anextension 30, and then rising through the rear tubes to the outlet 31.The steam entering the one end of compartment of the upper drum flowsdown to the lower drum, thence up to the central compartment of theupper drum; thence down again to the lower drum 9, and thence to thethird compartment of the upper drum, where it issues through outlet 32.

The partitions in the upper drum are preferably provided with manholesin their lower portions, which are covered by removable manhole-plates33. One head of the drum is also provided with a manhole andmanhole-plate 34 so that access can be had to all the compartments.These partitions may be made removable if desired.

A flooding pi e 35 is provided which preferably'leads rom the frontupper drum, into the lower drum 9 of the superheater to convert thesuperheater into water-heating surface. In such case the compartments ofthe upper drum are preferably connected with each other; and for thispurpose I preferably employ'by-pass valves 36, which are shown in detailin Figs. 9, 10 and 11. Each of these valves is preferably of thebutterfly type carried on a shaft 37 extending u wardly through astufling-box in the top 0 the cylinder and rovided with actuating handle38. Semi-circular seats 39 are preferably provided at the opposite sidesof the flanged partition opening, a ainst which the butterfly seats whenclose In order to lock the valve in 0 en or closed position, Ipreferably provi e a ring or disk 40 which is splined to the shaft 37and provided with a pin 41 adapted to enter either of two recesses inthe top plate of the stufling-box or gland. On this top plate the wordsOpen and Closed are located in such manner that a cut-awa ortion of theplate 40 will cover one o t ese words, while the other is open to view.By lifting the plate 40 to release the pin the plate will be turned withthe valve, when the pin will drop into the other hole and lock the valvein either the open or closed position, one of the words showing in whichposition the valve is placed. Instead of this system of connectionsbetween the compartments, I may employ the piping connections shown inFig. 8. In this form pipes 42 and 43 lead from the end compartment to acommon pipe 44 connected to the central compartment by the vzi'lve-pipe45. The pipe 44 is provided with a central outlet 46, and its connectionwith the pipe 43 is provided with a gate-valve 47. IVhen the superheateris used for superheating steam, the valve 47 and the valve and pipe 45are closed. When the superheater is flooded, these valves are opened andthe saturated steam passes from the three compartments to the outlet.

The partition in the lower drum is preferably removable, and consists ofa plate resting against a ring 48-welded or otherwise secured to theinterior of the drum. I have shown an open yoke or frame 49 secured tothe center of this partition and provided with a valve-seat 50 extendingwithin a central hole in the partition, the opening being controlled byvalve 51 moving within the yoke or cage. The valve is provided with ascrew -threaded stem 52 engaging screw-threads in a rotary sleeve 53within the yoke connected by a universal joint with a rod or shaft 54extending to the end of the drum, where it connects by another universaljoint with a turning-shaft 55 extending through a suitable stuifing-boxto an external hand-wheel 56. By turning the hand-wheel 56 the valve maybe opened or closed. The shaft also holds the partition in place againstthe rin 48.

In the superheater boi r shown in Fig. 2, two lower drums 6 are rovided,these being connected by tubes 5 In addition to the upper drums 2 and 3I provide another upper drum 58 connected to the front mud drum 6 bybank of tubes 59. The superheater tubes 7 a are between the second bank59 and the third bank 4 of water tubes. The details of construction maybe the same as those previously described.

The tubes of the superheater are preferably of smaller size than thoseof the waterheating surface, and in both cases the tubes are preferablyspaced in groups of two, the spaces between the groups being of greaterwidth than the tubes proper. This spacing enables any tube to be removedfrom the drums and pass through the wider spacing of the banks. Hence,any of the tubes in the boiler or superheater may be replaced withoutdisturbing any other tube.

I have discovered that instead of the usual amount of water-heatingsurface per rated horse power which is the standard for water tubeboilers, a smaller percentage of water-heating surface per horse powershould be used where a superheater is located in the boiler setting. Inother words, the su erheater should not be added as additional eatingsurface to the ordinary boiler; but the water-heating surface of theboiler should be reduced where the superheater is placed in the boilersetting. The ordinary amount of water-heating surface is 10 square feetper rated horse power. I have found that the amount of water-heatingsurface should be less than thispreferably about 8 or 9 square feet ofwater-heating surface per rated horse power, the amount of superheatingsurface depending on the amount of superheat desired and on the locationof 10 the superheater. I have also found that to give proper efliciency,the water-heating surface should not only be reduced, but the amount ofsuperheating surface added should increase the total heating surface tomore than that employed in a water-tube boiler without a superheater.For example,

in the form of superheater shown in Fig. 2, arranged for 100 degreessuperheat, the wator-heating surface should be about 9 square feet perrated horse power. I have also found that in a boiler having up and downpasses for the ases over separate and successive banks of tubes, thesuperheating surface should be reduced the nearer the superheater isbrought to the source of heat. Thus, in the form of Fig. 1, where thegases contact with the superheater in the second pass, there shouldbe-only about 1% to 2 square feet of superheating surface per ratedhorse power. The providing of fewer square feet of water-heating surfaceper horse power than required for a saturated steam boiler appliesparticularly to cases where the superheater is so located that at least25 per cent. of the water-heating surface is placed between thesuperheater and the furnace or source of heat. In such case thesuperheater may be placed either in the rear of all the water-heatingsurface or in an intermediate position with water-heating surface onboth sides between the superheater and the furnace and between thesuperheater and the outlet for the gases.

The advantages of my invention result from the simplicity and economy ofconstruction, the connections for giving up and down passes to thesteam, while providing for flooding the superheater and using it as apart of the boiler, and also from the proportioning of the water-heatingsurface and superheatingsurface, as above described, giving higherefiiciency to the heating surface as a whole.

Many variations may be made in the form and arrangement of the partswithout departing from my invention.

I claim -'l. A superheater boiler having transverse upper steamahd waterdrums connected by banks of tubes to. a lower mud drum or drums, asuperheater between the banks and having an upper chamber with dependingsuperheater tubes arranged in sets separated from each otherlongitudinally of the drum, and water-circulating tubesconnecting thewater spaces of two of the steam and water drums and extending betweenthe separated sets of superheating tubes; substantially as described.

'2. A superheater drum or chamber having '70 a transverse partition witha hole therein,

a valve controlling said hole, and a rotary valve stem extendinglongitudinally througl} the chamber and through its end head, an havinga screw device for adjusting the valve; substantially as described.

3. A superheater boiler having upper steam and water drums connected bybanks of tubes to a lower mud drum or drums, a superheater between twoof the banks of tubes and having an upper drumor chamber with dependingsuperheating tubes and a chamber around the upper ends of thesuperheating tubes with refractory material between itand the interiorof the setting, said chamber having a bottom composed of bars extendinglongitudinally of the chamber between the superheating tubes withrefractory material overlying the bars; substantially as described.

4. A water-tube boiler having upper steam and water drums connected bybanks of tubes to a lower mud drum or drums, a superheater having a drumor chamber with superheating tubes between the banks of water-tubes,partitions dividing the superheating chamber into differentcompartments, water circulators connecting two of the steam and waterdrums and located in line with the partitions; substantially asdescribed.

5. A superheater having upper and lower cross-partitioned drumsconnected by superheating tubes, and water tubes extending transverselybetween the superheating tubesand in line with the partitions;substantially as described.

6. In asuperheater, a steam drum or chamber having a transversepartition dividing, it into steam compartments, super- 110 heater tubesconnected to said compartments, and means for connecting or discon-'necting said compartments; substantially as described.

7. In a superheater a drum or chamber having superheating tubesconnected thereto, a transverse partition in the chamber formingsuperheater compartments, a hole through the partition, and means foropening and closing said hole; substantially as 1 0 described.

8. A superheater drum or chamber hav- 1 ing a partition, and a valve inthe partition having external controlling means; substan tially asdescribed.

9. A superheater drum having an end manhole and a partition with amanhole therein; substantially as described.

10. In a superheater a drum or chamber having a transverse partition, amanhole and manhole-plate therein, and a valve in said partition havingexternal controlling means; substantially as described.

11. In a superheater a drum or chamber having a partition, anoscillating valve in said partition, an external handle for said valve,and means for locking the valve in open and closed position;substantially as described.

12. In a superheater, a chamber having a partition with a hole therein,a valve controlling said hole, and a valve-rod extending longitudinallyof the chamber through its end head and having an external handle;substantially as described.

13. In a superheater, a. chamber or drum having a partition with a holetherein, a rod extending through the chamber and arranged to hold thepartition in place, and a valve controlled by said rod; substantially asdescribed.

14. In a superheater, a chamber having superheating tubes, a partitionin said chamber formin superheater compartments, means for fiooding thesuperheater, and means for connecting the superheater compartmentsformed b the partition, said means being indepen ent of the superheatingtubes; substantially as described.

15. In a superheater boiler, a superheater drum or chamber at a suitablelevel to contain a steam chamber when the superheater is flooded, meansfor flooding the superheater, a partition in the upper superheaterchamber forming superheater compartments, and means for drawing offsteam from both compartments formed by said partition; substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

JOHN E. BELL. Witnesses:

M. E. HAMLIN, M. L. HOFFMAN.

